{"id":696,"date":"2026-05-27T11:24:37","date_gmt":"2026-05-27T03:24:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.sgettec.com\/?p=696"},"modified":"2026-05-27T11:24:37","modified_gmt":"2026-05-27T03:24:37","slug":"can-a-tec-chip-achieve-millidegree-stability","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sgettec.com\/ar\/can-a-tec-chip-achieve-millidegree-stability\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0629 TEC \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u064a\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0631\u062c\u061f"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"article-p\"><strong>\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p class=\"article-p\">\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u064a. \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><a style=\"color: #ff0000;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sgettec.com\/ar\/products\/tec-chip\/\">\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0629 TEC<\/a><\/span> \u2014 \u0645\u0628\u0631\u062f \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0630\u0648 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0644\u062a\u064a\u064a\u0647 \u2014 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 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\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642\u0629. \u0625\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 class=\"article-h2\">1. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 TEC<\/h2>\n<h3 class=\"article-h3\">1.1 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0644\u062a\u064a\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/h3>\n<p class=\"article-p\">\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0629 TEC \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0644\u062a\u064a\u064a\u0647: \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0631 \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u2014 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0623\u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 p \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0639 n \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0632\u0645\u0648\u062a (Bi\u2082Te\u2083) \u2014 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0636\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644. \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u060c \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n<p class=\"article-p\">\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623. \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a. \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0629 TEC \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0645\u064a\u0644\u064a \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 PID \u0644\u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<p class=\"article-p\">\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c \u2014 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u2014 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0629 TEC \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"article-h3\">1.2 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629<\/h3>\n<p class=\"article-p\">\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u00b10.001 \u00b0C \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0629 TEC \u0643\u0641\u0624\u0629. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"article-ul\">\n<li class=\"article-li\"><strong>\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0394T \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/strong>: \u0625\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a TEC \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0631\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 (Al\u2082O\u2083 \u0623\u0648 AlN) \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0637\u064a\u062d \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 50 \u00b5m \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631.<\/li>\n<li class=\"article-li\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 (Rth)<\/strong>: \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a Rth \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0629 TEC \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0623\u0642\u0644\u060c \u0642\u0644\u0651\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627. \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0631\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 (DBC) \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li class=\"article-li\"><strong>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629<\/strong>: \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0631\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 (AlN) \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 170 \u0648\u0627\u0637\/\u0645\u00b7\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 24 \u0648\u0627\u0637\/\u0645\u00b7\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 (Al\u2082O\u2083)\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"article-p\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u2014 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u2014 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a. \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0629 TEC \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636.<\/p>\n<figure style=\"width: 508px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"article-img\" style=\"max-width: 100%; height: 508px; display: block; margin: 16px 0px;\" src=\"https:\/\/adweb-v3.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com\/jeditor\/blobid2_1779851320380.png\" alt=\"TEC Chip\" width=\"508\" height=\"1024\" data-no-translation=\"\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0629 TEC<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 class=\"article-h2\">2. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 TEC<\/h2>\n<h3 class=\"article-h3\">2.1 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/h3>\n<p class=\"article-p\">\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0629 TEC \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"article-ul\">\n<li class=\"article-li\"><strong>Qmax (\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629)<\/strong>: \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a. \u0625\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 Qmax \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0629 TEC \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a.<\/li>\n<li class=\"article-li\"><strong>\u0394Tmax (\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629)<\/strong>: \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646 67 \u00b0C \u064874 \u00b0C. \u0625\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u0640 \u0394Tmax \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<li class=\"article-li\"><strong>Imax (\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644)<\/strong>: \u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0629 TEC \u0639\u0646\u062f 40\u201360% \u0645\u0646 Imax \u0628\u062f\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u2014 \u0648\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<li class=\"article-li\"><strong>COP (\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621)<\/strong>: COP = Qc \/ P\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b P \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0629. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 COP \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0636\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"article-p\">\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0629 TEC \u0639\u0646\u062f 50\u201365% \u0645\u0646 Imax\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 COP \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062c\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0647.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"article-h3\">2.2 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 TEC \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/h3>\n<p class=\"article-p\">\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062c\u0644 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 Qmax \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f. \u0625\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u2014 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u062f\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0627\u0634\u0641 \u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 5 \u0645\u0644\u0645\u00b2.<\/p>\n<p class=\"article-p\">\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 (\u00b10.001 \u00b0C)\u060c \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 TEC \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629) \u0641\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 TEC\u060c \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0394Tmax \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 100 \u00b0C \u0648\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647.<\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border: 1px solid #000;\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"border: 1px solid #000; padding: 8px; background-color: #eee;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646<\/th>\n<th style=\"border: 1px solid #000; padding: 8px; background-color: #eee;\">\u0394Tmax<\/th>\n<th style=\"border: 1px solid #000; padding: 8px; background-color: #eee;\">\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 Qmax<\/th>\n<th style=\"border: 1px solid #000; padding: 8px; background-color: #eee;\">\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a<\/th>\n<th style=\"border: 1px solid #000; padding: 8px; background-color: #eee;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #000; padding: 8px;\">\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #000; padding: 8px;\">67\u201374 \u00b0C<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #000; padding: 8px;\">1\u2013200 \u0648\u0627\u0637<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #000; padding: 8px;\">\u00b10.01\u2013\u00b10.1 \u00b0C<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #000; padding: 8px;\">\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u062f\u064a\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #000; padding: 8px;\">\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #000; padding: 8px;\">80\u201390 \u00b0C<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #000; padding: 8px;\">0.5\u201350 \u0648\u0627\u0637<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #000; padding: 8px;\">\u00b10.005\u2013\u00b10.01 \u00b0C<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #000; padding: 8px;\">\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0648\u0627\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #000; padding: 8px;\">\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #000; padding: 8px;\">100\u2013115 \u00b0C<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #000; padding: 8px;\">0.1\u201310 \u0648\u0627\u0637<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #000; padding: 8px;\">\u00b10.001\u2013\u00b10.005 \u00b0C<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #000; padding: 8px;\">\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p class=\"article-p\">\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 TEC \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644\u064b\u0627: Qmax \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 class=\"article-h2\">3. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n<h3 class=\"article-h3\">3.1 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 TEC<\/h3>\n<p class=\"article-p\">\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 TEC \u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<ul class=\"article-ul\">\n<li class=\"article-li\"><strong>RoHS \/ RoHS 3 (EU 2015\/863)<\/strong>: \u0625\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a. \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u062e\u0644\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u2014 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 TEC \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 Pb \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 RoHS \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 MTBF \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644.<\/li>\n<li class=\"article-li\"><strong>AEC-Q100<\/strong>: \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637. \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 TEC \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 AEC-Q100 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 (\u221240 \u00b0C \u0625\u0644\u0649 +125 \u00b0C) \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a LiDAR \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 ADAS\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a.<\/li>\n<li class=\"article-li\"><strong>MIL-STD-810<\/strong>: \u064a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u2014 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639. \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 TEC \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 MIL-STD-810.<\/li>\n<li class=\"article-li\"><strong>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 MTBF<\/strong>: \u062a\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 TEC \u0642\u064a\u0645 MTBF \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 200,000 \u0648400,000 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 (\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a) \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0643.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 class=\"article-h3\">3.2 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062f<\/h3>\n<p class=\"article-p\">\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0629 TEC \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0628 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629. \u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u062c\u0644 Bi\u2082Te\u2083 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0643\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0641\u064a Qmax \u0648\u0394Tmax.<\/p>\n<p class=\"article-p\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0637\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"article-ul\">\n<li class=\"article-li\"><strong>\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629<\/strong>: \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 SnAgCu (SAC) \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 SnPb \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a.<\/li>\n<li class=\"article-li\"><strong>\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a (CTE)<\/strong>: \u0631\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0632 AlN \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a (CTE) \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 Bi\u2082Te\u2083 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 Al\u2082O\u2083\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n<li class=\"article-li\"><strong>\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629<\/strong>: \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0638\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0642-\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"article-p\">\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 10 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a (\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 IEC 60068-2-14) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0646 3\u00d7.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 class=\"article-h2\">4. \u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0644\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629<\/h2>\n<h3 class=\"article-h3\">4.1 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 TEC<\/h3>\n<p class=\"article-p\">: \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0629 TEC \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"article-ul\">\n<li class=\"article-li\"><strong>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631\u064a<\/strong>: \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 1 \u00b0C \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0628\u0646\u062d\u0648 0.3 \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 DFB \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0643\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0629 TEC \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u00b10.01 \u00b0C \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644.<\/li>\n<li class=\"article-li\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f<\/strong>: \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0628\u0630\u0628 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0629 (CSACs) \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 TEC \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u00b10.001 \u00b0C\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631.<\/li>\n<li class=\"article-li\"><strong>\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 LiDAR<\/strong>: \u0643\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a (APD) \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0629 TEC \u0644\u0644\u0640 APD \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0643\u0634\u0641 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629 \u0641\u064a LiDAR \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li class=\"article-li\"><strong>\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 (IVD)<\/strong>: \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 PCR \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0648\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 TEC \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 class=\"article-h3\">4.2 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n<p class=\"article-p\">: \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0629 TEC \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064d. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"article-ul\">\n<li class=\"article-li\"><strong>\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645<\/strong>: \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0629 TEC \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 PID (\u0623\u0648 PID + \u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629) \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0628\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 PWM \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0648\u0648 \u062f\u0642\u0629 DAC 20 \u0628\u062a \u0648\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 1 \u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0644\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629.<\/li>\n<li class=\"article-li\"><strong>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646 \u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0629 TEC \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0637\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 1\u20132 \u00b0C\/W \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629. \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644.<\/li>\n<li class=\"article-li\"><strong>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642\u0629<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0631\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 NTC \u0628\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 10 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648 \u0623\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u00b10.1 \u00b0C \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0644\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629. \u064a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 RTD \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 (PT1000) \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u062a NTC \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 class=\"article-h2\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629<\/h2>\n<p class=\"article-p\"><strong>\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 1: \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642\u0647 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0629 TEC \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"article-p\">\u0641\u064a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u2014 \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 PID \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u2014 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0629 TEC \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u00b10.01 \u00b0C \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u00b10.005 \u00b0C. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0644\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 (\u00b10.001 \u00b0C) \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b.<\/p>\n<p class=\"article-p\"><strong>\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 2: \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0629 TEC \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u00b10.01 \u00b0C\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"article-p\">\u0627\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a (Qc) \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0394T \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 40 \u00b0C \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 Qc \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 1 \u0648\u0627\u0637\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f 50\u201360% Imax \u0633\u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u00b10.01 \u00b0C. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 Qc \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 500 \u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0637 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0394T \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 50 \u00b0C\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u00b10.005 \u00b0C\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u064f\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 Qc \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 100 \u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0637.<\/p>\n<p class=\"article-p\"><strong>\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 3: \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 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