\n
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\n
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\u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 TEC \u0628\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a. \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n
- \n
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![\"TEC](\"https:\/\/www.sgettec.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/file_1774487562972-300x234.png\" "\\"TEC")
\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0629 TEC<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/h2>\n
\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n
\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621:<\/p>\n
Qmax (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f)<\/strong>: \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0644\u0636\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 (\u0394T = 0). \u064a\u064f\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0637\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f Qmax \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u062c\u0645 40\u00d740 \u0645\u0644\u0645 50-80 \u0648\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0646 Qmax. \u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629: Q = Qmax \u2013 K\u00b7\u0394T\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b K \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n
\u0394Tmax (\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629)<\/strong>: \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 Bi\u2082Te\u2083 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0394Tmax \u0645\u0646 65 \u0625\u0644\u0649 75\u00b0C. \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0649 100-130\u00b0C \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n
COP (\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621)<\/strong>: \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0636\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629. COP = Q\/P\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b Q \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0648P \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 (COP \u0645\u0646 2 \u0625\u0644\u0649 4)\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a TEC \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 COP \u0645\u0646 0.3 \u0625\u0644\u0649 0.6 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n
\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631<\/strong>: \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a TEC \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0647\u062f \u0645\u0646 3 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 30 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a\u060c \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646. \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 2 \u0623\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 15 \u0623\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0645\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0646 0.5 \u0625\u0644\u0649 3.0 \u0623\u0648\u0645. \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 (Vmax) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 (Imax)\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 50-70% \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649.<\/p>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n
\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 TEC \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644:<\/p>\n
\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: 15\u00d715 \u0645\u0644\u0645\u060c 20\u00d720 \u0645\u0644\u0645\u060c 30\u00d730 \u0645\u0644\u0645\u060c 40\u00d740 \u0645\u0644\u0645\u060c 50\u00d750 \u0645\u0644\u0645\u060c \u064862\u00d762 \u0645\u0644\u0645 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0643 \u0645\u0646 3.0 \u0645\u0644\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 5.0 \u0645\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 8-12 \u0645\u0644\u0645.<\/p>\n
variants \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0644\u0629<\/strong>: \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 15\u00d730 \u0645\u0644\u0645\u060c 20\u00d740 \u0645\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n
\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644<\/strong>: \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649. \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u062c\u0645 40\u00d740 \u0645\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u062c\u0645 30\u00d730 \u0645\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0394Tmax \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 100\u00b0C.<\/p>\n
\n\n
\n \n\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0632<\/th>\n Qmax (\u0648\u0627\u062a)<\/th>\n \u0394Tmax (\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629)<\/th>\n \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 (\u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a)<\/th>\n \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 (\u0623\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0631)<\/th>\n \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f (\u0645\u0644\u0645)<\/th>\n \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n \n TEC1-12706<\/td>\n 50<\/td>\n 66<\/td>\n 15.4<\/td>\n 6.0<\/td>\n 40\u00d740\u00d73.8<\/td>\n \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n TEC1-12715<\/td>\n 125<\/td>\n 67<\/td>\n 15.4<\/td>\n 15.0<\/td>\n 40\u00d740\u00d73.8<\/td>\n \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n TEC1-12730<\/td>\n 250<\/td>\n 68<\/td>\n 28.8<\/td>\n 30.0<\/td>\n 62\u00d762\u00d74.8<\/td>\n \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n TEC2-19006<\/td>\n 6<\/td>\n 95<\/td>\n 16.6<\/td>\n 6.0<\/td>\n 30\u00d730\u00d77.5<\/td>\n \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645<\/h2>\n
\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631<\/h3>\n
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\u062a\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0645\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 100 \u0648\u0627\u0637\/\u0633\u0645\u00b2. \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 TEC \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 GaN HEMT\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 125\u00b0C \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a TEC \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n
\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a TEC \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 (6\u00d76\u0645\u0645) \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 ITU-T. \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u00b10.1\u00b0C \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 10\u207b\u00b9\u00b2 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 -5\u00b0C \u0625\u0644\u0649 +85\u00b0C.<\/p>\n
\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 TEC \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062a FPGA \u0648ASIC \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a. \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629.<\/p>\n
\n\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644<\/h2>\n
\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a<\/h3>\n
\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/strong>: \u0625\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646 \u0644\u0640 TEC \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 (Qh = Qc + P). \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0632\u064a\u0644 50 \u0648\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062f\u062e\u0644 50 \u0648\u0627\u0637 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u062f 100 \u0648\u0627\u0637. \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0394T \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a \u0628\u0640 0.1-0.2\u00b0C\u00b7\u0633\u0645\u00b2\/\u0648\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n
\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629<\/strong>: \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a TEC \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0628\u0630\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0630\u0628\u0630\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d LC \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0628\u0630\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 5%. \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u00b11% \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644. \u064a\u062d\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644.<\/p>\n
\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641<\/strong>: \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644. \u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0641\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0634\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644.<\/p>\n
\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0640 RoHS<\/strong>: \u062a\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a 2011\/65\/EU \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a TEC \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 SAC (\u0642\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0631-\u0641\u0636\u0629-\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633)\u060c \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 5-10% \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 SnPb \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649.<\/p>\n
\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 MIL-STD<\/strong>: \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 MIL-STD-202 \u0631\u0642\u0645 108 \u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 (-55\u00b0C \u0625\u0644\u0649 +125\u00b0C) \u0648\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 210 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u062a\u0627\u0632 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 500 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n
\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 ISO 9001<\/strong>: \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n
\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a MTBF<\/strong>: \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644 200,000 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a TEC \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a. \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0634\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n
\n\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n
\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639<\/h3>\n
\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u064a\u0645\u0644\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d TEC \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629. \u0636\u0639 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0629 0.05-0.1 \u0645\u0644\u0645\u2014\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 (0.9-1.2 \u0648\u0627\u0637\/\u0645\u00b7\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0646) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u062d\u0633\u0650\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0629 (3-8 \u0648\u0627\u0637\/\u0645\u00b7\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0646) \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n
\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a<\/strong>: \u0636\u0639 \u0636\u063a\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 20 \u0625\u0644\u0649 40 \u0631\u0637\u0644\/\u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 (138-276 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644) \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064d \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643. \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a. \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064d \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0642\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644.<\/p>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/strong>: \u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a TEC \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u062a\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0632\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646-\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c 1-3 \u0648\u0627\u0637\/\u0645\u00b7\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0646) \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0632\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n
\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a<\/strong>: \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 TEC \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0632\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n
\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645<\/h3>\n
\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 PID<\/strong>: \u062a\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 TEC \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0631\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u00b10.01\u00b0C. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629. \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f 1-10 \u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n
\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644<\/strong>: \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 90-100\u00b0C\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 110-130\u00b0C. \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0636\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0640 30-50% \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/p>\n
\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/strong>: \u064a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u0629 TEC \u0648\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062c\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621. \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a TEC \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a. \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 40-60% \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 TEC \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n
\n\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629<\/h2>\n
\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 1: \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0629 TEC \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a TEC \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 200,000+ \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 MTBF (\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 23 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631). \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f 50-70% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649. \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 80\u00b0C \u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0639. \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 10 \u0625\u0644\u0649 15 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n
\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 2: \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 TEC \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 (Q = U\u00b7A\u00b7\u0394T)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u064b\u0627. \u0623\u0636\u0641 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 20 \u0625\u0644\u0649 30% \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u062f 40-60% \u0645\u0646 Qmax \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0394T \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062d\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0647. \u0636\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0644\u0640 TEC \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a (Qh = Qc + P).<\/p>\n
\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 3: \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 TEC \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n
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\n\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629<\/h2>\n
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